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thank you

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[Applause]

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[Applause]

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foreign

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[Music]

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foreign

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and we are live inside the white flight

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control room at the Johnson Space Center

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here in Houston Texas we are bringing

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you live coverage today of the distant

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retrograde orbit departure burn this is

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a quick burn expected to fire for one

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minute and 45 seconds beginning at 3 53

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and 50 seconds p.m Central Time 4 53 p.m

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45 seconds eastern time the distant

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retrograde orbit is an elliptical orbit

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or oval shape

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around the moon this orbit is unique to

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Artemis 1 testing out its various

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systems and will not be used on future

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Artemis missions later we'll have NASA's

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Dan Hewitt back at the Moon board to

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explain a little bit more about the

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distant retrograde burn and how it

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affects leaving the the distant

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retrograde orbit

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and nasus Robin elgart is here later

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today to talk to us about the deep space

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radiation environment and what she is

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doing to help further our knowledge on

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space beyond lower Earth orbit we'll

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catch up with them a little bit later

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but for now here are some shots inside

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and we're hoping for some views from

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Orion a little bit later

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currently you're seeing the the arrow

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seeing current velocity distance from

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following a successful launch on

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Wednesday November 16th NASA's uncrewed

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Orion spacecraft is ready for its

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distant retrograde orbit departure burn

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today on day 16 of its 25-day 25 and a

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half day Mission beyond the lunar

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surface Orion lifted off atop the space

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launch system rocket at 1 47 a.m eastern

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time from launch complex 39b at NASA's

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Kennedy Space Center in Florida

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the distant retrograde departure burn

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prepares Orion for a second lunar flyby

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or that RPF The Returned powered flyby

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and an earth insertion burn and finally

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preparation for a re-entry in Splashdown

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so as we recap some of the Milestones

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thus far for Orion on November 21st

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Orion performed an outbound powered

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flyby burn the first of two Maneuvers

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required to enter Dro or the distant

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retrograde orbit the second being the

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insertion burn that happened later that

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week on November 25th

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and the time of the outbound powered

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flyby Orion was just 81 miles above the

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lunar surface

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throughout the mission the spacecraft

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performed a series of outbound

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trajectory correction Burns to put Orion

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in the proper configuration to enter the

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distant retrograde orbit

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so remember

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81 miles above the lunar surface on

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November 21st and by November 22nd Orion

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exited the gravitational sphere of

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influence of the Moon and was at a lunar

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Orion surpassed the distance record for

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a mission with the spacecraft designed

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to carry humans to deep space and back

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to Earth at 7 42 a.m Saturday November

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26th that record was set during the

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Apollo 13 mission at 248 065

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655 miles from our home planet

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Orion surpass

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it reached its maximum distance from

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Earth during the Artemis 1 Mission and

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it was at 268

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563 miles away from the home planet

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and finally on November 30th just

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yesterday teams pulled go for Orion to

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exit the distant retrograde orbit today

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we are live covering the distant

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retrograde orbit departure burn or the

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drd which will bring Orion out of the

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distant retrograde orbit to prepare

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Orion for a Splashdown back on Earth

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again Splashdown as planned for December

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11th

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and we are looking for the burn

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for the distant retrograde orbit

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departure burn to happen at 353 and 56

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again let's get a little insight from

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it's been a fantastic Mission but all

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great things must come to an end it is

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time for Orion to leave its orbit around

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the moon and come home so we are getting

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ready for distant retrograde departure

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this is going to be a firing of those

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engines on the European service module

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to actually commit us to leaving the

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lunar orbit and coming back towards

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Earth so we're again going to be using

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that large main engine to start to swing

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us back in close so we can do

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essentially a slingshot around the Moon

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we'll be dipping in again for another

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powered flyby this one called the return

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power flyby which is really going to

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kind of fine tune our path back towards

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the atmosphere but the one really

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committing us to come home is going to

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be this one that's coming up this

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distant retrograde orbit departure so

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for Orion it's going to be farewell to

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the Moon until it starts making its way

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back inside the Artemis mission control

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room or the white flight control room

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here at Johnson Space Center we see the

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control room and we have flight lead

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flight director for Artemis One mission

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Rick Le Broad and his team monitoring

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and preparing for this upcoming distant

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here with me now I have a special guest

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today on Console this is Robin elgart

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space radiation element scientist she

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will discuss the deep space radiation

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and deep space radiation environment and

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what we are learning on missions like

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Artemis 1. hi hi Robin thank you for

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joining me today thanks so much Shaniqua

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I'm happy to be here and can you tell

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everyone what uh space radiation element

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scientist is of course so as a space

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version element scientist for the human

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research program at Nasa I am

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responsible along with my excellent team

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for developing and executing a robust

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research strategy to understand

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characterize and hopefully mitigate the

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health impacts to humans from the space

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space radiation environment and so when

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we talk about space radiation

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um watch NASA care well it turns out

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space is a radiation environment and so

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our astronauts are actually radiation

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workers and so that means that we we

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know that radiation is a health hazard

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for them and we need to do our best to

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characterize that and mitigate that

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um and so we this radiation comes from

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three different places in in our

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universe first we have our Galactic

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cosmic rays Galactic cosmic rays are

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theorized to be the um

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the result of Stellar explosions were

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the things like Supernova are

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accelerating particles throughout the

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Universe

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right and so you can imagine how fast

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these particles are going and then we

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have trapped radiation trap radiation is

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actually a consequence of our Earth

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having a beautiful magnetic field and it

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protects us from all sorts of things but

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it also traps some of that radiation

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that's sipping around out in our solar

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system inside these belts which are

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called the Van Allen belts so those are

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these sort of donut shaped rings around

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our planet and then thirdly and probably

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the most well-known are solar particle

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events and these are when the sun

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belches out some extra solar particles

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okay and you mentioned solar particles

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can you explain a little bit of what

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those are and how they could affect the

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Artemis missions to come absolutely so

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the sun is a giant rotating ball of

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magnetized plasma which is sort of

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mind-blowing when you think about it

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and

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um it creates an incredibly complex

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magnetic field throughout our solar

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system and also on this what we think of

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as the surface of the Sun and those um

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some localized areas of the sun can

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those magnetic fields in those localized

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areas can get really Tangled Up and

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um entangled with each other and that

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creates something that we all know of

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called sunspots and you can actually see

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these with the appropriate kind of

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telescope from down here on Earth

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um these sunspots can create sort of

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active regions where these local

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magnetic fields are really entangled and

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just like anything

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you can something that builds and builds

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and builds energy at one point it just

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gives up and so these magnetic fields

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they break and they reconnect down into

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a lower energy state that energy has to

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go somewhere and so the energy is

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released at this huge amount of energy

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release some of which can actually push

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particles out from the solar Corona as

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well as

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the particles out in the solar system

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out into the solar system and so that's

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what's called a solar particle event

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when those particles are accelerated out

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from the Sun out into the solar system

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awesome and that is definitely something

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worth caring for on Artemis 1 on flight

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day 13 on November 28th Orion reached

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its maximum distance from Earth now we

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know that that maximum distance was 268

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508 63 miles from home our home planet

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um how will being further from Earth

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affect our crew on future Artemis

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missions that's a great question so

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because those Van Allen belts that

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surround Earth and protect us from

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things beyond beyond those the crew will

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no longer have protection from Galactic

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cosmic rays those particles that are

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accelerated because of supernova or

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those solar particle events so if

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there's a solar particle event headed

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your direction and you are outside the

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Van Allen belts you have no protection

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from our beautiful snuggly Van Allen

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belts anymore right

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um and so them being further away from

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Earth means that um in in Mission in

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real-time monitoring of the solar

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environment is really important because

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um

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if you are going to be exposed to these

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solar events we have to have some way to

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Shield it because even though we can't

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shield from Galactic cosmic rays we can

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shield from solar particle events

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relatively effectively I mean it doesn't

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take much so our operational team

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um the the base radiation analysis group

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or shrag they've actually developed an

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awesome protocol which is to build a

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storm shelter and I think we have a

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great video that demonstrates what this

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my name is Jessica Voss and this is Ann

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McLean and we are here today helping the

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designers of the Orion capsule evaluate

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the ability to protect their crew from

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radiation radiation as you know is

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really harmful and so the whole point is

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for us to get into a really cool little

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shelter and take all the equipment we

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have in this in this capsule and put it

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over us as best as possible and we have

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to make sure it's stowed and that we are

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safe and we have everything we need in

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terms of supplies down in this awesome

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so you can see there they build this

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basically is what it what amounts to a

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pillow fort and putting all of that mass

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around them to to keep that those lower

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energy particles from solar particle

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events out of of of their little pillow

283
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fort there and keep them sheltered from

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that storm and you're saying pillow fort

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but the pillow fort is

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um stowage bags and different things

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that are already in Orion for the crew

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and they're using that during a solar

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particle event to protect themselves

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that's exactly right and so they can

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hang out in that little area for the the

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entirety of the event of course they can

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come in and out of that shelter they

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don't need to stand there the whole time

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but we want them to spend as much time

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as they feasibly can inside that shelter

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and right it's just using stuff that we

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already have on board

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um to to sort of even out that mass

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distribution gotcha and so as far as

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protection goes again for our astronauts

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on future missions we know this is an

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uncrewed

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um Mission but future missions will have

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restaurants aboard what can we expect

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Beyond this for astronaut protection in

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terms of radiation great question so

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um for these for like you said this is

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you know it's uncrewed but even on these

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first short-term missions we are still

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learning things about the radiation

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environment we have a radiation detector

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up there now uh Hira which is

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um constantly taking data right now and

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we're actually seeing how those those uh

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what makes that pillow for it we have a

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sensor in there right now and we can see

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that it actually is providing protection

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uh compared to the sensor that is

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outside of that Bay when they transited

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through the Van Allen belts because it's

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a similar type of radiation to solar

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particle events

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um but moving forward

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um the uniqueness of the space radiation

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environment really makes for a hefty

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challenge when it comes to doing

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research down here on the ground

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um so we we don't have the same amount

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of protection strategies up in space as

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we do down here on the ground usually

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when you're in a radiation Oncology

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Department you have time distance and

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shielding well in space

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you can't get away from the solar

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radiation and the the galactic cosmic

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rays and you can't really Shield it

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either so the only thing we have is time

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but of course if we're talking about a

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year mission to to the Moon we're

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talking about three years missing to

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Mars time starts to become a problem too

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so that's where the space radiation

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element is coming up with new strategies

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of how we might be able to protect the

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crew which includes things like Health

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monitoring early disease screening for

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the things that we are concerned about

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including cancer cardiovascular disease

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immune changes and potentially even

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neurocognitive defects as well as

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looking for some sort of compound based

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countermeasure that can help the body

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protect itself from that biological

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damage we might not be able to stop the

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physics but we might be able to help the

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biology

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that's amazing I know our crew will need

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to be protected form those Rays as we

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enter into future Artemis missions on

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our future missions we talked about the

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protection we talked about space

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radiation is there anything left that we

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didn't talk about that would be relevant

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to what we're learning about space

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radiation on this Mission or even future

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Taylor I really just want

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shout out to our operational team space

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radiation analysis group because they

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have worked so hard on getting their

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their detectors up up to speed and

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they're they're really starting to see

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their models play out you know they they

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saw when Orion went behind the moon and

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came back out and we finally got that

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signal again sure enough there was a 30

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drop because of the Moon itself

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providing shielding to the capsule and

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so just a really huge shout out to that

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team because they have done an amazing

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work they're working 24-hour consoles to

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support this Mission and they really

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deserve mad props

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thank you very much and thank you Robin

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for coming and joining us here today

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00:19:04,730 --> 00:19:01,919
telling us a little bit about the deep

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space radiation environment and why it's

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important to the Artemis missions

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00:19:56,529 --> 00:19:08,520
overall thank you so much Shanika happy

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and if you just joined us you're

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watching live coverage of the Artemis

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One mission today we're on day 16 of the

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25 and a half day Mission we are

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currently awaiting the drd or the

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and we're looking for that burn to

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happen at three

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53

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so about four and a half minutes out now

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if you're just joining us we're live

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inside the white flight control room at

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the Johnson Space Center

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we are awaiting the departure burn

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that's the distant retrograde orbit

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departure burn for Orion you're

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currently seeing live views from Orion

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00:23:25,490 --> 00:23:23,460
spacecraft

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00:23:28,669 --> 00:23:25,500
As It prepares

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00:24:13,130 --> 00:23:28,679
for just a minute and a half from now to

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in just about 10 seconds away from that

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the burn has begun

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and we're halfway through the burn

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and we currently see a little Earth

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00:26:14,630 --> 00:26:11,820
behind slash beside when the Orion or

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00:26:30,409 --> 00:26:14,640
solar arrays coming into view and out of

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00:27:39,950 --> 00:26:32,570
and a nominal burn has been called in

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00:27:44,390 --> 00:27:42,230
and with a nominal distant retrograde

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00:27:46,610 --> 00:27:44,400
orbit departure burn or Ryan will leave

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00:27:48,890 --> 00:27:46,620
its distant retrograde orbit preparing

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00:27:51,110 --> 00:27:48,900
Orion for her second lunar flyby that

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00:27:53,930 --> 00:27:51,120
returned powered flyby burn that we

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00:27:55,730 --> 00:27:53,940
discussed earlier and Earth insertion

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00:27:58,310 --> 00:27:55,740
burn and finally preparation for

423
00:28:07,970 --> 00:27:58,320
re-entry and Splashdown planned for

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00:28:12,890 --> 00:28:11,930
again Orion has had a successful a

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00:28:15,529 --> 00:28:12,900
nominal

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00:28:18,110 --> 00:28:15,539
one minute and 45 seconds

427
00:28:19,669 --> 00:28:18,120
depart distant retrograde orbit

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00:28:22,430 --> 00:28:19,679
departure burn

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00:28:25,610 --> 00:28:22,440
and with that we'll wrap coverage for

430
00:28:28,010 --> 00:28:25,620
today but we'll be covering the RPF or

431
00:28:32,269 --> 00:28:28,020
the return power flyby Burn live on air

432
00:28:35,570 --> 00:28:32,279
on Monday December 5th again that will

433
00:28:37,610 --> 00:28:35,580
be aired at 8 30 a.m Central Time 9 30

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00:28:44,690 --> 00:28:37,620
a.m Eastern Time

435
00:28:49,730 --> 00:28:47,390
before we air that December 5th return

436
00:28:54,230 --> 00:28:49,740
power flyby for Orion be sure to check

437
00:28:57,769 --> 00:28:54,240
out live coverage of the US Eva

438
00:29:00,169 --> 00:28:57,779
on December the 3rd

439
00:29:59,330 --> 00:29:00,179
Showtime beginning at 5 a.m Central Time

440
00:30:04,490 --> 00:30:01,570
our live views from Orion have gone

441
00:30:08,269 --> 00:30:04,500
briefly we are currently looking at the

442
00:30:10,930 --> 00:30:08,279
Aero tracker you can track our Miss and

443
00:30:14,690 --> 00:30:10,940
you can track Orion on

444
00:30:16,370 --> 00:30:14,700
www.nasa.gov track Artemis again this is

445
00:30:18,590 --> 00:30:16,380
the arrow tracker giving you the

446
00:30:21,289 --> 00:30:18,600
velocity the distance from Earth and the

447
00:31:20,389 --> 00:30:21,299
distance from the moon for Orion

448
00:31:24,769 --> 00:31:22,370
again we had a nominal distant

449
00:31:27,590 --> 00:31:24,779
retrograde orbit departure burn

450
00:31:31,370 --> 00:31:27,600
Orion will leave its distant retrograde

451
00:31:34,190 --> 00:31:31,380
orbit preparing Orion for a second lunar

452
00:31:36,590 --> 00:31:34,200
flyby an earth insertion burn and

453
00:31:40,850 --> 00:31:36,600
finally preparation for re-entry in

454
00:31:43,370 --> 00:31:40,860
Splashdown planned for December 11th

455
00:31:46,010 --> 00:31:43,380
that'll end our coverage there however

456
00:31:49,909 --> 00:31:46,020
we'll be covering the RPF Burn live on

457
00:31:53,570 --> 00:31:49,919
air on Monday December 5th

458
00:31:56,149 --> 00:31:53,580
beginning at 8 A.M Central Time 9 A.M

459
00:31:59,330 --> 00:31:56,159
Eastern Time

460
00:32:02,450 --> 00:31:59,340
and before that burn coverage we will we

461
00:32:04,850 --> 00:32:02,460
also have live on air

462
00:32:09,230 --> 00:32:04,860
Saturday November sorry Saturday

463
00:32:11,450 --> 00:32:09,240
December 3rd the U.S spacewalk 82 and

464
00:32:14,510 --> 00:32:11,460
that will start at 5 a.m Central Time 6

465
00:32:16,370 --> 00:32:14,520
a.m Eastern Time

466
00:32:18,649 --> 00:32:16,380
and be sure to follow along with our

467
00:32:21,409 --> 00:32:18,659
daily blog post as Orion continues its

468
00:32:24,010 --> 00:32:21,419
Journey To The Moon and Beyond and

469
00:32:25,930 --> 00:32:24,020
prepares for its trip back home

470
00:32:29,750 --> 00:32:25,940
followtheblogs at

471
00:32:31,669 --> 00:32:29,760
blogs.nasa.gov forward slash Artemis

472
00:32:33,950 --> 00:32:31,679
again thank you for joining us and

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00:32:43,480 --> 00:32:33,960
that'll wrap coverage for today this is

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[Music]

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foreign